As the UK continues to battle seasonal illnesses like norovirus, experts are raising alarms about another potential health threat: Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE). This virus, which has been mostly found in regions like Russia, parts of Europe, China, and Japan, is now being watched closely in the UK. Although it is not a seasonal disease, it’s surprisingly easy to contract—and here’s why you should be concerned.

What Is TBE (Tick-borne Encephalitis)?

TBE is a viral infection spread by tick bites, much like the more common Lyme disease. While it’s been mostly confined to areas like Russia and parts of Europe, recent developments suggest the UK may be at risk as well.

Ticks, small insects found in woodlands, grassy areas, and even some gardens and parks, can carry the virus. Although only a small percentage of ticks in the UK carry TBE, it’s still crucial to be cautious, especially during outdoor activities in tick-prone areas.

What makes TBE even more concerning is that it can also be spread through unpasteurised milk or dairy products, which can increase your chances of exposure if you’re not careful about what you consume.

Symptoms of TBE: What to Look Out For

Most cases of TBE Disease are mild and do not show symptoms. However, in rare cases, the virus can lead to more severe health complications, including brain inflammation, or even death. If symptoms do appear, they typically start about a week after being bitten by an infected tick.

Initial, Flu-like Symptoms:

Fever
Fatigue
Headache
Aches and pains
General feeling of being unwell

While these Disease symptoms often resolve on their own, it’s the more severe signs that you need to watch for. If TBE progresses, symptoms can escalate, and they may include:

Severe Symptoms:

Stiff neck with intense headaches
Sensitivity to light (pain when looking at bright lights)
Seizures
Confusion, slurred speech, or noticeable changes in behavior
Loss of movement in part of the body or weakness

If these severe symptoms appear, immediate medical attention is necessary.

How Dangerous Is TBE?

While TBE Disease is serious, the risk of fatality is low. Studies show a fatality rate of just 0.5%, which means most people survive the infection. However, 2.5% of patients may experience long-term neurological issues, such as difficulty with movement or cognitive function. It’s clear that while TBE is not a frequent cause of death, its long-term effects can be devastating for those affected.

The virus Disease is most commonly found in certain areas of the UK, including Thetford Forest, the Hampshire/Dorset border, Scotland, and Yorkshire. The first case of TBE in the UK was confirmed in 2019, and since then, patients who have contracted the virus have been successfully treated with supportive care.

How to Protect Yourself from Ticks and TBE

The good news is that there are simple steps you can take to protect yourself from ticks and TBE Disease. Here’s how you can reduce your risk:

Check for ticks: Regularly check your skin for ticks, especially after spending time outdoors in grassy or wooded areas.
Wear protective clothing: Wear long-sleeved shirts, long trousers, and tuck your trousers into your socks to prevent ticks from getting to your skin.
Use insect repellent: Apply insect repellent to exposed skin to ward off ticks.
Choose light-colored clothing: Wearing light-colored clothing makes it easier to spot ticks.
Avoid brushing against plants: Stay on clear paths and avoid brushing up against plants where ticks may be hiding.

If you do find a tick on your skin, don’t panic. Use tweezers or a tick removal tool (available at pharmacies and pet shops) to safely remove it.

Conclusion

While TBE may sound like a scary new threat, there’s no need to panic. By staying informed and taking precautions when spending time outdoors, you can reduce your chances of contracting the virus. If you experience any symptoms after a tick bite, seek medical attention promptly. As always, the key to staying safe is awareness—know what to look for, and stay vigilant.

By following these simple steps, you can protect yourself and your loved ones from the potential dangers of TBE. Stay safe, stay healthy, and enjoy the outdoors responsibly!